The Low Profile eXtension (LPX) is a unique motherboard form factor that revolutionized compact computing in the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s. Developed by Western Digital in 1987, LPX boards typically measure 9 inches wide by 13 inches deep, making them ideal for slim computer cases.
Key Features of LPX Motherboards
LPX motherboards, despite their compact size, pack a punch when it comes to connectivity. They typically include:
- A riser card for expansion
- VGA (15-pin)
- Two serial ports (9-pin each)
- A parallel port (25-pin)
- PS/2 ports for keyboard and mouse
Some LPX boards even feature additional connectors for SCSI or network adapters, showcasing their versatility.
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The Riser Card Advantage
One of LPX's standout features is its use of a riser card. This innovative design allows expansion cards to be installed parallel to the motherboard, rather than perpendicular as in AT and ATX designs. This configuration supports ISA and PCI slots, enhancing the board's expandability within a compact form factor.
Pros and Cons of LPX
Advantages:
- Compact design suitable for slim cases
- Integrated components (video, sound) for cost-effectiveness
- Versatile expansion options with riser cards
Disadvantages:
- Limited standardization leading to compatibility issues
- Restricted upgrade potential
- Cooling challenges due to compact layout
- Limited to 2-3 expansion slots
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LPX Power Supplies
The LPX form factor introduced its own power supply design, which later influenced ATX power supplies. These PSUs, also known as PS/2 power supplies, offered features like:
- Electronic filtering
- Auto-ranging
- Noise shielding
- Adjustable output
The Legacy of LPX
While LPX motherboards were phased out by 1998, replaced by the New Low Profile eXtended (NLX) form factor, their impact on compact computing is undeniable. Many manufacturers ultimately favored the Micro ATX format over NLX, but the principles of compact design established by LPX continue to influence modern small form factor PCs.
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In conclusion, the LPX form factor played a crucial role in the evolution of compact computing, paving the way for the slim and efficient designs we see today. While it had its limitations, its innovative approach to space management and expansion options left a lasting mark on computer hardware design.